Physics Middle School

Allie took archery lessons and became proficient after several months. She placed the arrow into the bowstring, pulled it back, and released the arrow. She did not hit the bull's-eye, so she decided to shoot another arrow. Describe the kinds of energy she demonstrated in each step of the process, and how they changed.

Answers

Answer 1
Placing the arrow into the bowstring:
At this stage, Allie primarily exhibits potential energy. The arrow possesses potential energy due to its position and the forces acting upon it. The potential energy is stored in the bowstring, which is stretched when the arrow is placed.
Pulling back the bowstring:
As Allie pulls back the bowstring, she exerts force, converting her muscular energy into elastic potential energy. The energy is stored in the flexed bowstring and the limbs of the bow. The further she pulls back, the more potential energy is accumulated in the bow.
Releasing the arrow:
When Allie releases the bowstring, the potential energy stored in the bowstring and limbs is rapidly transformed into kinetic energy. The potential energy is converted into the energy of motion as the bowstring snaps forward, propelling the arrow forward.
Arrow in flight:
As the arrow moves through the air, it possesses kinetic energy. The energy of motion is determined by the arrow's mass and velocity. The arrow's kinetic energy gradually decreases as it encounters air resistance and gravity.
During these steps, the energy transformations occur as follows:

Allie converts her muscular energy into potential energy when pulling back the bowstring.
The potential energy stored in the bowstring and bow limbs is transformed into kinetic energy when the arrow is released.
The arrow then travels through the air, converting its kinetic energy into other forms, such as heat due to air resistance and gravitational potential energy as it rises and falls.
It is important to note that there may be other forms of energy involved, such as thermal energy from the friction between the arrow and the bow or the surrounding air.
Answer 2

In each step of the archery process, Allie demonstrates different forms of energy.

Throughout the process, the kinds of energy involved change. Initially, Allie deals with potential energy in the arrow and the bowstring. Then, she converts her muscular energy into elastic potential energy when pulling back the bowstring. Upon release, the elastic potential energy transforms into kinetic energy in the arrow. Finally, during flight, the arrow primarily exhibits kinetic energy.

While placing the arrow into the bowstring, Allie is mainly dealing with potential energy. The arrow possesses potential energy due to its position relative to the ground. When Allie is Pulling back the bowstring,  she exerts force, converting her muscular energy into elastic potential energy. The potential energy in the stretched bowstring increases as she pulls it farther back.

Allie releases the arrow, hence the stored elastic potential energy in the bowstring is rapidly converted into kinetic energy. The arrow gains kinetic energy, which is the energy associated with its motion.

To better understand the kinds of energy demonstrated in each step of the process, and how they changed:

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